Apparatus for the examination of x-ray and other negatives



E. R. STEALY. APPARATUS FOR THE EXAMINATION 0F X-RAY AND OTHERNEGATIVES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I3, I9I8- Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

3 SHEETSSHEET I.

awvewwoz I M Clbtovn 'atg- E. R. STEALY.

APPARATUS FOR THE EXAMINATION 0F X-RAY AND OTHER NEGATIVES.

Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 18 1918.

.1 ulr/llllqlll/lv uli I 31 mm n for E. R. STEALY. APPARATUS FOR THEEXAMINATION 0F X-RAY AND OTHER NEGATIVES.

APPLICATION FILEDSEPT. 18, I9I8.

Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

. make a ELZA 1B STEALY, 01' SHENANDOAH, IOWA.

APPARATUS FOR THE EXAMINATION F x-BAY AND OTHER NEGATIVES.

Specification of Letters Iatent. Patented Aug. 17, 1920- Applicationfiled September 18, 1918. Serial ii'o. 254,606.

To allevliom it may concern Be it known that I, ELZA R. STEALY, acitizen of the United States, residing at Shenandoah, in the county ofPage and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Apparatus for the Examination of X Ray and otherNegatives, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has as its object the provi- 'sion of a novel apparatusfor use in the examination of X-ray and other negatives.

Heretofore it has been customary after the production of an X-raynegative, to rint thereof and then examine the print. owever, more orless of the details of the negative are lost in the printing process sothat this method is usually unsatisfactory. To overcome thisdisadvantage it has by some been the practice to examine the negativedirect either with natural or artificial light, but even by this methodit has been impractical to observe all of the minute details of thenegative. There is also the stereoscopic method of studyingnegatives'although this method is not always practical as two negativesare required. he present invention, therefore, has as its primary objectto provide an apparatus by the use of which every detail in a negativeof this or i any other type may be observed and studied with the resultthat a more complete diagnosis is possible than by the previouslyreferred to methods of examination.

A' further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus by the useof which separate portions of a negative may be examined for details andany desired portion may be brought out in the greatest detail forexamination.

The invention also has as its object the provision in an apparatus. forthe purpose stated of means whereby the negative as a whole or anyportion thereof may be illuminated with any desired intensity of lightwithout the employment of ,rheostats or other dimming devices, and thewhole or any portion of the negative may be viewed on amore or lessenlarged scale. If, during the examination of sucha negative, the sameis illuminated with-the same intensity of light, there is much detaillost as some of the shadows will be washed out if the light is toointense or the denser shadows will not be brought out in great detail ifthe light is subdued, and it is for this reason that the ppll'ltll: isadjustable so as to when the negative permit of illumination of thenegative as' a wholeor any portion thereof to any desired intensity, andthe examination of the entire negative or any portion thereof on itsnormal scale or on any suitable scale of enlargement. By the enlargementof the negative,

a stereoscopic effect 1s produced to some ex tent which is better seenby comparison between the normal scale and the magnified or enlargedscale.

The invention furtherhas as its objectthe provision in apparatus for thepurpose stated, of a novel negative holder embodying means for diflusingthe light rays so that as a whole is being examined all portions'thereofwill be illuminated with the. same degree of intensity.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a pers ective view of one type of apparatus embo ying thepresent invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical front to rear section therethrough Fig. 3 is asideelevation illustrating another type oi apparatus;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the parts of the holder for asingle negative disassembled;

Fig. 5 is a view lookin at the upper edge of the holder shown in I ig.4;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a holder for two negatives;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 5 illustrating the holder shown in Fig.6.

gBriefiy stated, the apparatus embodying the invention includes a sourceof light supply, a mirror preferably of the plano-con-.

cave type, a negative support arranged between the source of light andthe mirror,-

and a light screen arranged between the negative support andthe mirror,the "source of light and the mirror being adjustable for purposes whichwill be presently pointed out. While the apparatus illustrated in thedrawings and to be hereinafter de-.'

details and combinations shown and described therein, but reserve theright to include in m which embo y the spirit thereof.

invention all modifications I ments. 1

and which is slidably fitted in one end of the groove 2, this blockbeing provided in its under side with a groove 4 and having fittedtherein spaced studs 5 located near its ends and projecting into thesaid groove 4 and lying at opposite sides of a similar stud 6 secured inthe base 1 and projecting upwardly into the groove 2, the studs 5 and 6constituting means for limiting the sliding adjustment of the block 3with relation to 'the base 1. The block 3 is provided at its outer endwith a finger piece 7 by means of which it may be adjustedlongitudinally with relation to the base A tubular standard 8 isprovided at its lower end with an attaching base 9 which is secured inany suitable manner to the-upper side of the,

block 3, and telescopically fitted within this standard is a. secondtubular standard 10 whichmay be raised and lowered and which is designedto be held in its positions of ad ustment by means of a set screw 11threaded through the standard 8 and bearmg against the said standard 10.An arm 12 is pivoted as at 13 to the upper end of the standard 10 andmay be swung vertically as w1ll be evident by reference to Fig. 2 of thedrawings. supports a reflector 14 having an electric lamp socket 15 intowhich is fitted the base of a lamp 16, current being supplied to thelamp by conductor wires 17 led through the arm 12, through the standard10, and through one side of the standard 8. At this point it may bestated that not onl may the standard 10 be adjusted vertically withinthe standard 8 by loosening the set screw 11,

but may also be rotated within the standard 8 so as to angularlv adjustthe light in a horizontal plane. hus'a universally adustable su port isprovided for the source of llght. t'will be'understood, of course, thatthe source of light may be supported for universal adjustment by meansof anyof the ordinary ball A 'base blbck 18 corresponding to the block 3is slidably ,fitted into the other end of the groove 2 and is providedin its under sidewith a groove 19 into which project studs 20correspondmg to the studs 5 and lying at opposite sides of. a stud 21se- This arm at its outer end and socket arrangecured in the base 1 andprojecting upwardly into the groove 2, the studs 20 and 21 serving thesame purpose as the studs 5 and 6,

respectively. Also the block 18 is provided at its outer end with afinger piece 22 whereby it may he slid in the groove 2. Fixed to theupper side of the block 18 is a .tubular standard 23, and telescopicallyfitted into this standard is a post 24 which may be adjusted verticallyin the standard 23, and also rotatably as in the-instance of thestandard 10, the post being held' at adjustment by means of a set screw25 corre sponding to the set screw 11. At its upper end the post 24supports a yoke 26 between the arms of which there is mounted a mirrorindicated in general by the numeral 27. This mirror is of circular formand of the plano-concave type. That is to say, the mirror embodies aconcave glass 28 at one side and a plane glass 29 at its opposite side,the glasses being, of course, arranged back to back, as shown in Fig. 2of the drawings. The arms of the yoke 26 support-the mirror atdiametrically opposite points and, therefore, the mirror may be tiltedas will be clear by reference to Fig. 2 of the drawings or it may becompletely reversed so that either its concave side 28 or its plane side29 may be presented toward the source of light. For a purpose whichwillbe presently explained, it is preferable, although not absolutelynecessary, that a hood be provided for the mirror, and this hood isindicated in general by the numeral 30 and comprises a cylindrical.relatively shallow body formed at diametrically opposite 'points in oneend with bayonet slots 31 whereby the mirror may be engaged with theinturned mirror supporting ends of the arms of the yoke 26 as shown inFig. 1 of the drawings,'the hood being in this manner separatelyconnected with the mirror and yoke and being therefore adapted fordisposal at either side of the mirror. Where a large negative is to beexamined in its entirety, it is desirable to employ a reducing mirror28, as shown in dotted 'lines'in Fig. 2 of the drawings, as a substitutefor the mirror 28.

The film or negative holder comprises a plate 32 preferably of opaquematerial and seated at its lower end or edge" in a transverse slot 33formedin the base 1, the plate I being located between the source oflight and ,the mirror. The said plate is formed with an opening 34preferably of rectangular form and of dimensions approximating those ofthe ne ative to be'examined. In conjunction wit the plate 32 there isprovideda ocket to receive the negative to be examin and .this pocket,in that form shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, is designed to contain asingle negative and is formed from a suitableblank of transparent ortranslucent material such for example as celluloid. The pocket-comprisesa front 35, the lateral edge portions of which are folded inwardly? s at36 and thence outwardly as at 37, the pflrtions 37 constitutingattaching flanges which are secured to the plate 32 at opposite sides ofthe opening 34 by stitching or by the employment of stapls or otherfastening means as indicated by the numeral 38. The inwardly foldedmarginal portions 36 of the front are provided in conjunction with thesaid front pockets to receive the lateral edge portions of the negativewhich is indicated by the numeral 39. As these pockets are unobstructedthroughout their entire lengths, the margins of the negative to be heldmay slide freely in the pockets in introducing and removing the negativeand as a consequence there is no likelihood of injury to the negative,nor will any difliculty or annoyance be experienced in inserting orremoving the same. In order to limit the downwardmovement of thenegative so as to support the same directly opposite the opening 34, thelower marginal portion of the front 35 is folded rearwardly and thenceupwardly behind the flanges 37 as indicated by the numeral 40 so as toprovide a bottom for the negative pocket as a whole.

That form of holder shown in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings isconstructed on the same I general plan as the holders shown in Figs.

4 and 5, except that it is designed for the support of two negatives andconsequently intermediate channels or pocketsreceiving,-

of course, the adjacent lateral edges of the two negatives to beheld.

The screen heretofore referred to is indicated by the numeral 40 andcomprises a plate of opaque material seated at its lower end or edge ina transverse slot formed in the base 41 .and provided with an opening 42located opposite the opening 34 in the.

plate 32. This screen 40 is located between the negative holder 32 andthe mirror 27.

In the use of this form of the apparatus,

the. parts being in the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of thedrawings, the concave or the plane side of the mirror is presentedtoward the source of light and the. negative and the light rays willthen pass from the source of light through the negative, the

front 35 of the negative pocket, and the opening 42 in the screen 40 tothe face of the mirror. If the concave face is presented in thedirection stated, the image will, of

course, be presented on an enlarged scale,

but if the plane face of the mirror is presentedin the direction stated,the ne ative will be reflected in its normal scale. f the mirror 28 isemployed, the image will be reduced. The hood 30, of course, excludesextraneous light rays from the face of, the mirror and thereby heightensthe distinctness with which the .image of the negative is reflected inthe mirror. Of course, by adjusting the light toward the negative thenegative will be illuminated with increasing intensity and theillumination may be subdued by adjusting the light in a direction awayfrom the negative. Also the degree of enlargement may be varied byadjusting the' mirror toward or from the negative. Furthermore, byangularly adjusting the light and likewise varying the angular positionof the mirror, any desired portion of the indicated in Fig. 5 by thenumeral 45. The

light screen is indicated by the numeral 46, and the said negativeholder and light screen are positioned between the source of light 43and an arm 47 corresponding to the arm 44 and supporting a mirror 48which mirror may be also adjusted due to the nature of the supportingarm '47 therefor.

While the screen 40 is above described as formed with an opening 42 andthis arrangement' is preferable where the screen and negative holder arearranged in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings,nevertheless if the screen and negative holder are transposed it will beadvisable to cover the opening 42 with a pane of transjulcent materialsuch as ground glass or the It is preferable that the front 35 of thenegative holder be, as stated, of translucent material so that the lightrays will be diffused. Of course, if desired this pocket may be oftransparent material and: a sheet of translucent material may beintroduced into the pocket with the negative.

If found desirable, instead of so mounting the source of light that thesame may be ad justed toward and from the negative holder,

' negatives, means for supporting a negative,

a source of light at one side of the means, and a uniformly magnifyingmirror horizontally pivoted at the other side of the said means.

3. In apparatus for the examination of negatives, means for supporting anegative,

a source of light at one side of the means" adjustable with relationthereto, and 'a mirror at the other side of the said means alsoadjustablewith relation thereto.

4. In apparatus for the examination of negatives, means for supporting anegative,

a source of light mounted for universal adjustment at one side of themeans, a uniformly magnifying mirror at the other side of the meansmounted for universal adjustment, and a light screen between thenegative support and the mirror.

5. In apparatus'for the examination of negatives, means for supporting anegative,

a source of light at one side of the said means adjustable angularlywith relation thereto for illuminating portions of the negative indetail, and a uniformly magnifying mirror at the other side of the saidmeans, f

6. In apparatus for the examination of negatives, means for supporting anegative,

a source of light mounted for universal movement at one side of themeans adjustable toward and from the means, and a mirror at the otherside of t said means.

7 In apparatus for the examination of negatives, means for supporting anegative, a source oflight at one side of the means,

and a uniformly magnifying mirror at the; other side of the meansadjustable vertically.

and angularly with relation thereto.

8. In apparatus for the e amination of negatives, means forsupporting anegative, a source of light at one side of the means, and a uniformlymagnifying mirror at the other side of the said means angularlyad,justable with relation thereto. i

9. In apparatus for the examination of negatives, means for supporting anegative,

a source of light at one side-of'the means adjustable toward and fromthey means and angularly with relation thereto, and six-magnifyingmirror at the other side of the said meansadjustable toward and from t-he same. a

'10. In apparatus for the examination of.

negatives, means for supporting a negative, 3. source of light at oneside of the means adjustable toward and from the means and antgularlywith relation thereto, and a magni ying mirror at the other side of thesaid means adjustable toward and from the same and angularly withrelation'thereto.

11. In apparatus for the examination of negatives, a negative support, asource of light at one side of the support adjustable toward and fromthe said support, adjustable vertically, and adjustable angularly withrelation to the support, and a uniformly magnifying mirror at the otherside of the said support and being horizontally pivoted.

12. In apparatus for a source of light. at one side of the means,

the examination of negatlves, means for supportlng a negative,

and a mirrorat the other side of the means having a concave face and anopposite plane .face, the said mirror being reversible.

.13. In apparatus for the examination of negatives, means for supportinga negative,

a source of light at one side of the means,

and a mirror at the other side of the means having a magnifying face andan opposite plane face, the said mirror being reversible and angula-rlyadjustable. Y

.14. In apparatus for the examination of negatives, means for supportinga negative,

a source of light at one side of the'means, V

a uniformly magnifying mirror at the other side of the means, a lightscreen between the negative support and the mirror, and a lightdiffusing sheet between said. support and said mirror. Y

15. In apparatus for'the examination of negatives, a negative support, asource'of light at one side of the support, a mirror at theother side ofthe support, a li ht'screen between the negative support an the minror,the light screen being of opaque material andhaving an opening iIrlinewith the negative for the passage of light rays from the negative, and alight difi'using sheet be-.

tween said support and said mirror.

16. In apparatus for the examination of negatives, a 'ne tive support, asource of light at one si e of the support mounted for universaladjustment, and a mirror at the 0th side of the said support alsomounted for universal adjustment.

17. Inapparatus .for the examination of negatives, means for supportinga negative, a source of light at one side of the means and a mirror atthe other side of the means 1 having .on one side a mirror face of onecharacter and on the other side a mirror face of another charactenthesaid mirrorbeing reversible. j

18, In apparatus for the examination of De at ves, a'in'egative support,a source of -lig t at one side of the support, a mirror at the otherside of the said support having a concave face and aiplane face, and ahood separably, connected with the mirror and adaptable to either face"thereof.

19. In' apparatus for the examination of in sai d front being foldedrearwardly and u negatives, a negative support including a plate havingan opening, a light difiusmg sheet covering theo means upon the saidsheet for the support of a negative within the saido g:

20. In apparatus for the examination of I negatives, means forsupporting a negative,

a source of hght at one side of the means and adjustable with relationthereto, a mirror at the other side'of the said means and adjustablewith relation thereto, and a light screen between the negative supportand the mirror.

21. In apparatus for the examination of negatives, a negative holderincludin a v plate having an opening, and a .hofder proper including a,out aving it's 'marginal portions provided with pockets to re ceive theside margins of the negative to be held, thei'said holder proper beingsecured to the said plate opposite the opening.

22 Inapp'aratus for the examination of negatives, a negativesupportincluding a negatives, 40

platehavin an o and a' ne tive holder propir incliiding -a front of' light transmitting material having its lateral portionsffo ded inwardl'yto provide pock ets toreceive the' sideinar of the ne tiveto beheld,fan"d' thence olded outwardly rovide flangessecured to theface ofthe late 'atthe' opposite sides of the openm 23. In apparatus fortheflexamination of a' negative support including a having anopeninglate and anegative material vmg its lateral older proper inclu a frontof ht portions folded inwardly to provide pockets to reeeivethe side marsof the ne tive to be held, and thence olded outw y to provide flangessecured to the face of the sai plate at the opposite sides of the openterein, the lower edge portion of the wardly to provide a bottom for thesaid 24. In a paratus for the examination of negatives, a negativesupport includin a plate having an opening, a light difiusm r the mirrormay be individually presented to the negative carried by said support,and a hood adapted to be interchangeably arranged about either face ofthe mirror. I In apparatus forthe examination of negatives, means forsupporting a negative, a source of light at one sidevof the means andadjustable with relation thereto, a mirror at the other side of themeans and adjustable with relation thereto, and, an opaque memberbetween said means and said mirror and havingan o in line said sup rt.In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

. ELZA R. sTEiLY. [a a] with said mirror and the negative carried by

